EKG
An electrocardiogram (EKG) is a medical test that measures the electrical rhythm of the heart in order to diagnose and monitor various conditions such as heart attack, arrhythmia, heart disease, and other cardiac issues. An EKG records the electrical waves of the heart over a period of time by placing electrodes on the body and displaying their signal on a computer screen for review. This allows doctors to measure the rate and regularity of electrical impulses in order to detect any abnormalities or irregularities in the heartbeat. In addition to providing an accurate diagnosis, an EKG can also be used to monitor changes in a patient’s condition over time. By keeping track of these changes, doctors can determine if treatment is working or if further interventions may be necessary. Please keep reading for details on the following topics:
Indications for an EKG
How and EKG is done
Factors affecting the accuracy of an EKG
INDICATIONS FOR AN ECG
To detect abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmias)
To identify the cause of chest pain or a heart attack
To determine whether someone had a heart attack
To determine whether treatments are working e.g. pacemaker
Patient with chest pain
Dizziness, lightheadedness or confusion
Heart palpitations
Rapid pulse
Shortness of breath
Weakness, fatigue or a decline in ability to exercise
HOW AN ECG IS DONE
One may be given a hospital gown
Jewelry such as watch, or any object that might interfere with the test will be removed
The patient will be allowed to lay on an examination table or bed
The chest and limbs will be exposed and shaved if necessary to allow the electrodes to stick
The patient will be advised to lay flat and avoid moving
Six stickers will be placed on different parts of the chest then one on each limb
An electrode which connects to a machine will be attached to each sticker
The machine records the information displays it as waves on a monitor or on paper
A print out of the reading will be performed
The electrodes and stickers will be removed and patient will be allowed to resume to previous activities
The results will be interpreted by the doctor
THINGS THAT CAN AFFECT THE ACCURACY OF THE RESULTS
Obesity
Pregnancy
Fluid buildup in the abdomen (Ascites)
Anatomical considerations, such as the size of the chest and the location of the heart within the chest
Movement during the test
Exercise or smoking before the test
Certain medicines
Electrolyte imbalances, such as too much or too little potassium, magnesium, or calcium in the blood
Excess hairs
Presence of jewelry